英文 had 的用法,你都已經瞭解了嗎?had 作為 Have/ Has 的過去式,用法有非常多。had 可以用於現在完成式、過去式、過去完成式、過去完成進行式…等等,除此之外,had 還有一些英文片語。如果你對於 had 的各種用法還沒有完全了解,那就趕快來看這篇英文教學吧!
下面教學英文 had 的各種用法。
英文 had 用法與中文意思
Had 用法1.had 當作 have/has 的過去式
have/has 中文意思是指「有」的意思,而 have/has 的過去式就是 had。所以 have/has 為現在式,had 則是過去式。
had 表達過去的「have/has」,基本意思為「有」的意思。
例:
I had a date with Jenny yesterday.
我昨天跟珍妮有約會。
例:
I had a dog when I was young.
我年輕時養了一條狗。
例:
I had lunch with him today.
我今天和他共進午餐。
在完整了解 had 用法之前,你應該先了解 Have 所有的用法,因為 had 是 Have 的過去式。關於 Have 所有用法可以參考這篇文章教學。
Had 用法2.had 用於現在完成式
had 不但是 have/has 的過去式,還是過去分詞唷!Have/ Has 的動詞三態為:Have/ Has、Had、Had。這表示 had 不但可以用在過去式,還可以用在現在完成式。
Had 用在現在完成式的語法結構:
Have/has + had (p.p.過去分詞)
如果 had 要用在現在完成式,那麼就是 Have/has + had 這樣的結構,這裡的had 當作過去分詞。
例:
She has had lunch.
她吃過午餐了。
例:
I have had a terrible headache for the last 3 days.
最近三天我頭疼得厲害。
關於 have had 的用法,可以參考下面文章。
Had 用法3.Had 用於過去式、過去完成式、過去完成進行式
Had 不但可以用在現在完成式,還可以用在過去式、過去完成式、過去完成進行式。下面比較一下現在完成式跟過去完成式的語法結構。
現在完成式:Have/has + p.p.(過去分詞)
過去式:had
過去完成式:Had + p.p. (過去分詞)
過去完成進行式:had been + Ving
這裡很有趣的是,Had 用在現在完成式時,位置是被當作過去分詞,但是用在過去式、過去完成式跟過去完成進行式時,位置卻不是過去分詞喔,搞清楚這一點很重要。
例:
She had a dog two years ago.
她兩年前養了條狗。
(過去式)
例:
I had never been to Japan before I was 20 years old.
我20歲以前從未去過日本。
(過去完成式)
例:
I had already done my homework when she came back home.
她回到家時,我已經做完作業了。
(過去完成式)
例:
I had been working for 10 hours before she came back home.
在她回到家之前,我已經工作了10個小時。
(過去完成進行式)
上面這幾種就是 Had 最常見的用法,這裡稍微整理一下。
1.Had 可以當作 have/has 的過去式,表達過去的「有」。
2.Had 可以用在現在完成式(位置:過去分詞),以及過去式、過去完成式、過去完成進行式。
關於 have been/has been/ had been 的用法,可以參考下面文章。
下面再列舉 Had 的其他用法。
Had 用法4.Had better 最好
Had better 通常以「sb had better do sth」這樣的句型出現,中文意思是指「(某人)最好做某事」的意思。
例:
You’d better go home now before the rain starts.
你最好在下雨之前趕回家。
例:
You had better go and speak to him in person.
你最好親自去和他說話。
例:
You had better eat more fruit and vegetables.
你最好多吃水果和蔬菜。
例:
You had better not tell Jenny.
你最好不要告訴珍妮。
這裡的Had better 常常可以縮寫,例如以下。
例:
You had better = You’d better
I had better = I’d better
We had better = We’d better
Had 用法5.have had it with +人 受夠了
have had it with 是一組英文片語,這個英文片語滿常見的,意思是“受夠了”的意思。
例:
I have had it with you. I quit.
我受夠你了,我不幹了。
例:
I’ve had it up to here with you – get out!
我已經受夠你了——滾出去!
Had 用法6.be had 受騙、上當
這裡再說一個很少見的 had 用法,那就是 be had ,be had 是指受騙、上當的意思。
例:
I’m afraid you’ve been had.
我怕你已經被騙了。
例:
I’ve been had by that swindler.
我被那個騙子騙了。
上面就是 had 的各種用法啦!如果你還沒全部學會,那就趕快學起來吧。
總結
關於 Had 的所有用法,整理如下。
1.Had 可以當作 have/has 的過去式,表達過去的「有」。
2.Had 可以用在現在完成式(位置:過去分詞),以及過去式、過去完成式、過去完成進行式。
3.Had better 最好
4.Have had it with 受夠了
5.Be had 受騙、上當
除了上面文章內容,你還可以參考下方更多相關英文教學。
更多英文文法
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